Thursday, May 9, 2024

Spinoza's Ethics: III.P38 - Bigger the Love, Bigger the Hate

Si quis rem amatam odio habere inceperit ita ut amor plane aboleatur, eandem majore odio ex pari causa prosequetur quam si ipsam nunquam amavisset et eo majore quo amor antea major fuerat.

If anyone begins to have hatred towards a beloved one so that the love is clearly destroyed, one follows the same one with a greater hatred from an equal cause than if one might never have loved this one itself and so much greater as much greater as the love had been before.

DEMONSTRATIO: Nam si quis rem quam amat, odio habere incipit, plures ejus appetitus coercentur quam si eandem non amavisset. Amor namque lætitia est (per scholium propositionis 13 hujus) quam homo quantum potest (per propositionem 28 hujus) conservare conatur idque (per idem scholium) rem amatam ut præsentem contemplando eandemque (per propositionem 21 hujus) lætitia quantum potest afficiendo, qui quidem conatus (per propositionem præcedentem) eo est major quo amor major est ut et conatus efficiendi ut res amata ipsum contra amet (vide propositionem 33 hujus). At hi conatus odio erga rem amatam coercentur (per corollarium propositionis 13 et per propositionem 23 hujus); ergo amans (per scholium propositionis 11 hujus) hac etiam de causa tristitia afficietur et eo majore quo amor major fuerat hoc est præter tristitiam quæ odii fuit causa, alia ex eo oritur quod rem amavit et consequenter majore tristitiæ affectu rem amatam contemplabitur hoc est (per scholium propositionis 13 hujus) majore odio prosequetur quam si eandem non amavisset et eo majore quo amor major fuerat. Q.E.D.

For if anyone loves one which one is beginning to have hatred, more things restrain ones appetite than if one had not loved it. For love is joy (by IIIP13S [Conatus to Forget) which one tries as much as one is able to save (by IIIP28 [Following Beliefs for Power]) and this (by the same scholium) is contemplating the beloved one as present and the same (by IIIP21 [Responsiveness to Beloved]) joy as much as it can affect which indeed persisting (by the preceding proposition) is the more it is the greater is the love so that and the persisting for acting so that the beloved loves oneself in return (see IIIP33 [Reciprocity of Likeness]). But by this persisting, hatred against the beloved one restrains (by IIIP13C [Conatus to Forget] and IIIP23 [Hatred Gives Opposite]); therefore loving (by IIIP11 [Good for Body, Good for Mind]) also is affected by this cause by sadness and the more so the greater the love had been, that is besides sadness which has been the cause of hatred, other from where it arises because one has loved a thing and consequently by the greater the emotion of sadness one will contemplate the beloved that is (by IIIP13S [Conatus to Forget]) with greater hatred it follows than if one had not loved the same and so the greater it is the greater the love had been.

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Spinoza's Ethics: III.P47

Lætitia quæ ex eo oritur quod scilicet rem quam odimus destrui aut alio malo affici imaginamur, non oritur absque ulla animi tristitia. Joy ...